Leonid Rogozov

During the sixth Soviet Antarctic Expedition, the only surgeon in the winter-over party at Novolazarevskaya Station contracted localized peritonitis. Since he was the only doctor at the station, Leonid Rogozov was forced to self-administer an appendectomy under local anesthesia. You can read more about him here:
Leonid Rogozov

The Antarctic interior is difficult to access during the dark, windy, and Martian-cold winter months today. In 1961 there was clearly no to evacuate Rogozov or bring doctors to him. Like the pioneer and explorer he was, Rogozov therefore took matters into his own hands, removing his own appendix with the support of an engineer and a meteorologist on station. Later he would earn a PhD for research on the treatment of esophageal cancer and serve a long career as a surgeon in Saint Petersburg. In either hemisphere, you were in good hands under Dr. Rogozov's knife.